Standard paddletype plates are also available for use in daniel. The thickness of the orifice plate at the orifice edge shall not exceed the smaller of 1 50 of the pipe diameter d or 1 8 of the orifice diameter d. There are several types of orifice flanges, the more common being. Universal orifice plates type 500 the type 500 orifice plate is a standard design used in most brands of single and dual chamber orifice fittings. Orifice plate an orifice plate is a device used for measuring flow rate, for reducing pressure or for restricting flow in the latter two cases it is often called a restriction plate. These orifice plate types employ rounded or conicalentrance holes in an effort to minimize the effects of fluid viscosity. The opening can be of circular, triangular or rectangular in cross section and they are named on the basis of shape accordingly. Orifice plate a thin squareedged plate with a machined circular bore concentric with the meter tube i. These data points are then used to design physical dimensions of the orifice plate including the outer diameter, the plate thickness, the handle requirements, and the orifice bore. It is based on proven technology, has no moving parts and is suitable for hightemperature and highpressure applications. Depending on the service, these seals are made of nitrile, tfe, or stainless steel. The orifice plates are correctly finished to the dimensions, surface roughness, and flatness to the applicable standard. Flow rate is determined based on the difference between pressure readings in the upstream side and the downstream side of the pipe. Orifice plate apertures can be configured to handle various flow measurement applications.
Types of orifice plates square edged concentric these are most commonly used for flow measurement. Orifice plates, orifice plates manufacturers, types of. Orifice flow calculation data sheet calculating an orifice diameter it is difficult to accurately calculate the flow of a gas or liquid through a tiny orifice due to the effect of the leading edge of the orifice. When it obstructs the flow of a fluid, a differential pressure is produced across the plate. Flow measurement and control system in oil gas industry 23 of 33 turbine meters can be provided with an electronic flow ratecumulative flow readout mounted either. The orifice plate should be located where the fluid is cleanest.
Orifice plate, model flcop orifice flange, model flcfl. Orifice plate assemblies with rtj holder the plate holder assembly is a combination of plate holder and an orifice plate designed for ring tongue joint rtj flanges. The orifice plate is held perpendicular to flow by flanges or a fitting. In fact, this allows squareedged orifice plates to be used for measuring bidirectional flow rates where the fluid flow direction reverses itself from time to time. Paddle type orifice plates series 520 series 520 the paddle type orifice plate series 520 is designed for use between orfice flange unions.
An orifice meter is a piece of equipment used to measure the flow rate of a gas or a fluid. The most commonly used inferential or rate meter is the thinplate, concentric orifice meter which is the primary device discussed in this paper. Types of pressure taps used in orifice piping guide. Orifice is defined as the small opening on side or bottom of a tank through which any kind of fluid is flowing. The orifice consists of a flat plate with a hole drilled in it. A meter then measures the difference in pressure across the orifice plate. Types of orifice plate designs the orifice plate is a relatively inexpensive component of the orifice flow meter. They offer significant cost benefits over other types of flow meters, especially in larger line sizes, and have proved to be rugged, effective and reliable over many years. Squareedged orifice plates may be installed in either direction, since the orifice plate appears exactly the same from either direction of fluid approach. Blenden iso 5167 2 2003 deutsche fassung en iso iso 5167 orifice plate flow meter excel download free ebook. This plate creates a restriction in a pipe that causes a difference in pressure between the two sides. The use of a fixed restriction orifice can be beneficial and economic by reducing the demands on other flow system components.
The most commonly used inferential or rate meter is the thin plate, concentric orifice meter which is the primary device discussed in this paper. Orifice plate is a device for measuring volumetric or mass fluid flow rates. Construction and working principle of orifice plate flow meter video lecture of flow measurement transducers chapter in subject electronic instrumentation an. Calibration of an orifice plate flowmeter mechanical engineering department king saud university riyadh submitted by. The pressure difference between the static pressures upstream and downstream of the orifice plate is measured by a differential pressure transmitter. Standard flange styles are raised face rf weld neck, rf slipon, or rf threaded for paddle type orifice plates, and ring type joint rtj weld neck for universal.
It mainly consists of an orifice plate, an orifice plate housing, and a meter tube. This type of orifice plate is manufactured by machining a precise, straight hole in the middle of a thin metal plate. As the headline implies two main types of flow limitation exist. The device is mainly used when the transfer of hydrocarbons from one entity to other entity has to take place. The value of the differential pressure is very much depending on the diameter ratio. Common types of differentialpressure flow meters are the orifice, the pitot tube, and the venturi tube. Keywords daniel, flange union, daniel industries orifice plate. There are many types of inferential meters available, including. Types of orifices orifices can be of different types depending upon their size, shape, and nature of discharge.
In case of orifices, the drop in pressure varies from the location of the orifice plate to the downstream side until the flow becomes fully developed. Orifice plates are manufactured to stringent guidelines and tolerances for flatness bore diameter, surface finish, and imperfections in machining such as. Types of orifice plates advantages and disadvantages concentric, eccentric, segmental, quadrant edge mecholic 1 comments. But the following are important from the subject point of view. Some orifice plates employ nonsquareedged holes for the purpose of improving performance at low reynolds number values, where the effects of fluid viscosity are more apparent. The orifice meter tube meter run consists of upstream and downstream sections of pipe for which size and tolerance have been determined through calculation and which conform to specifications set forth in ansiapi 2530 gpa 818585 140. The design of an orifice plate or any other primary device starts with the accumulation of several data items. Calculation, materials and welding is fully documented. One type is the restriction orifice plate, which in construction and calculation follows the orifice plate, i.
The plate is similar to the type 500 orifice plate but has a 2in. Orifice plate flow meter construction and working principle. Introduction an orifice meter is a type of flow meter used to measure the rate of flow of liquid in form of steam, using the differential pressure measurement principle. An orifice plate is a thin plate with a hole in it, which is usually placed in a pipe. The software can be used to size orifice plates square edge orifices. Jul 03, 2018 construction and working principle of orifice plate flow meter video lecture of flow measurement transducers chapter in subject electronic instrumentation an. In flow control applications, orifice plates are used as restriction devices to regulate fluid flow or reduce the flowing pressure downstream of the orifice plate. This change can be used to measure the flowrate of the fluid. Circular orifice rectangular orifice triangular orifice c. Plates can be ordered in standard stainless steel or optional monel. The plate holder along with the orifice plate can be also machined from one piece. Line sizes 210 require a removable orifi ce plate seal. Line sizes 12 and above require the seal to be vulcanized to the o.
This issimply a metal plate with a hole in the middle for fluid to flow through. Restriction orifice plates and critical flow devices. Jan 02, 2016 a photograph of an integral orifice plate and transmitter is shown here,in an application measuring the flow of purified oxygen gas through a copper pipe. The task of properly sizing an orifice plate for any given application is complex enough to recommend the use of special orifice sizing computer software provided by orifice plate manufacturers. The design of the orifice plate, its position and the position of the tappings are described and specified by bs and iso standards to minimise pressure losses and to give reproducible results. The orifice plate is available in standard material such as ss316, ss304, ss316l, monel, hastelloyc, etc. When a fluid whether liquid or gaseous passes through the orifice, its pressure builds up slightly upstream of the orifice. It consists of an orifice plate which is the basic element of the instrument. This refers to the geometries, system configurations and to the rules of measured value calculation. Iso5167 standard the multiholes orifice plate is a nonstandardized flow element but is designed and manufactured according to iso5167 standard requirements. An orifice plate measures the flow of a liquid or gas by the difference in pressure from the upstream to the downstream.
Orifice plate assemblies with rtj holder flow measuring. Considered the most common primary element, meriams concentric orifice plates are precision bored to exact dimensions with a sharp upstream edge to ensure accuracy. As shown in figure 6223 the maximum thickness varies from 0. This seal ring is available as an optional accessory from cameron. Square edge concentric, quadrant edged, conical entrance. With an orifice plate, the fluid flow is measured through the difference in pressure from the upstream side to the downstream side of a partially obstructed pipe. Orifice plates are typically sandwiched between two flanges of a pipe joint, allowing for easy installation and removal. Nonnuflo brand dual chamber fittings may require a nitrile seal ring. The rtj type orifice plate incorporates an integral gasket, either oval or octagonal ring, for mounting between ring type joint flanges. Looking at a side view of a squareedged concentric orifice plate reveals sharp edges 90o corners at the hole. Orifice plates for flow measurement and flow restriction.
The point where the fluid flow profile constricts to a minimum crosssectional. The plate obstructing the flow offers a precisely measured obstruction that narrows the pipe and forces the flowing fluid to constrict. Generally the plate holder is of soft iron material. The orifice plate is one of the simplest devices that can be easily introduced to the flow system. They are normally mounted between a pair of flanges and are installed in a straight run of smooth pipe to avoid disturbance of flow patterns from fittings and valves. The orifice plate is basically a thin metal plate 1. It is used for robust applications as it is known for its durability and is economical. It is known that if severe cavitation occurs at piping in which the restriction orifice is installed, the trouble such as pipe vibration, noise and pipe erosion may occur. Orifice design calculator can size a gasliquid orifice plate using iso5167 2003 international standard and cranes flow of fluids through valves equation 3. As the fluid flows through the hole in the orifice plate, in accord. Orifice plate flow calculations and design engineers. The most commonly used inferential or rate meter is the thinplate, concentric.
Orifice plates are manufactured to stringent guidelines and tolerances for flatness bore diameter, surface finish, and imperfections in machining such as nicks and wire edges on the bore. A fluid passing though an orifice constriction will experience a drop in pressure across the orifice. It is typically made of carbon steel, and the main components of the device are. Orifice plates are the simplest type of primary flow elements. Mar 21, 2018 orifice is defined as the small opening on side or bottom of a tank through which any kind of fluid is flowing. Deltafluid design office studies, designs and delivers drawings for any different type of orifice plates as well as complete flow and temperature. There is a remaining pressure loss differential pressure flow measurement with orifice plates and other types of restrictions is standardized by iso 5167. An introduction to an orifice meter 909 words bartleby.
Beveled orifice plates are obviously unidirectional, and must be installed with the paddle text facing upstream. The simplest design of orifice plate is the squareedged, concentric orifice. Orifice plates are flat plates 116 to 14 inch thick. Universal type orifice plate the universal type orifi ce plate is designed to be used in an orifi ce fi tting. Looking at the sideview of this orifice plate, the intended direction of flow is lefttoright, with the sharp edge facing the incoming fluid stream and the bevel providing a noncontact outlet for the fluid. Types of orifice plates used in flow measurement learning. Orifice plate holder a pressure containing piping element, such as a set of orifice flanges or an orifice fitting used to contain and position the orifice plate in the piping system. Different types of orifice plates instrumentation and. The pressure drop is at its maximum at the vena contracta. To calculate the flowrate of a fluid passing through an orifice plate, enter the parameters below. The original orifice plate holding device was the orifice flange union figure 1. The upstream side of the orifice plate usually has a sharp, square edge facing into the flow. The sizing of multiholes orifice plates is achieved in our design office with the same software as the one used for sharpedge orifice plates in compliance with the iso5167 standard. Over the years we have manufactured and supplied orifice plate assemblies to many.
Orifice plates are recommended for clean liquids, gases and lowvelocity steam flows. Of all the pressurebased flow elements in existence, the most common is the orifice plate. The line size, flange rating, orfice bore, and plate material is stamped on the handle. Lets consider a few typical orifice plate configurations. They are used to allow the transmitter to tap into the pipe to measure the high and low pressure sides of the flow. An orifice flow meter figure 1 is used to create a constriction in the flow path.
The plate holder has a function of holding the orifice plate and also a function as a gasket to prevent leakage of the process fluid. Orifice flanges are one of the most economical means of measuring flow, and daniel orifice flanges are manufactured to be the most accurate. When a fluid passes th roug h an orifice, the discharge is often considerably less than the amou nt calculated on the assumption that the energy is conserved and that the flow through th e or ifice is uniform and pa ral lel. The orifice plate flow detector is the simplest of the flowpath restrictions used in flow detection, as well as the most economical. Nov 10, 2018 an orifice meter is a piece of equipment used to measure the flow rate of a gas or a fluid. Orifice plates are the most widely used type of flow meters in the world today. In the case of a sharpedged orifice, the effective diameter is 0. Pair this up with an orifice flange to provide a convenient, accurate method for installing orifice plates. This means that although cheap to install, an orifice plate may cause six or seven times the pumping loss of a venturi which has a coefficient of 0. Orifices are mainly used for measuring the rate of fluid flow. Types of orifice plates advantages and disadvantages concentric, eccentric, segmental, quadrant edge mecholic 1 comments the orifice plate is one of the simplest devices that can be easily introduced to the flow system. Their bore diameter is calculated to generate the specified diflerential pressure at full scale flow rate.
Types of pressure taps used in orifice posted by akki on 1. Though inexpensive as compared to other devices, the orifice flange union utilizes the more expensive paddletype orifice plate and requires additional labor to perform an orifice plate change. The orifice plate has a tab or printed label on one side where the specifications for the plate are stamped. Behind the orifice the pressure recovers partly to its original value. Orifice design calculator crane and iso5167 methods. The operator must loosen all bolts and remove half of the bolts, spread the flanges by. There are 6 types of pressure taps that can be used on pipes in conjunction with orifice plates. Orifice plates are mainly used for flow measurements.
977 1230 557 89 1132 338 269 1 670 1257 1295 1426 1074 82 634 1208 29 1277 4 1199 1303 118 1266 1297 323 523 1375 1335 1342 1267 1277 1260 234 955 606 625 210 610 452 1452 1189 592 929 191 621 465 369 1351